The main task of a beekeeper is to raise strong bees covering not less than 9-10 frame slots. Experience of leading manufacturers shows that the more young bees in winter, the better family winters and raises rapidly in the spring.

The bee database advices to make young bees go in the winter, which didn’t collect food and feed bee brood, so they create the optimal conditions for growing brood in August. Good wintering bees that are active in the spring develop from eggs laid at this time. Participated in the main honey flow bees usually do not survive until spring  and the young bees do not tolerate the winter if they were born too late before the cool weather.

Increasing the number of young bees in the family is subject to the following four conditions: the queen in the family, abundant supply of food, suitable combs and harvest in nature.

Fecundity of females

Families with annual queens are sealed brood by about 40%, with a two-year queens by 15% more compared with queens at the age of three years. In addition, young queen nest on 10-17 days later than the old queen, so you need to replace old young females, the best time to replace – the main honey flow period, when a break in laying eggs does not cause a significant change in the productivity of the family, and sometimes even increases the honey harvest.

Harvest

During the testimony of the control hive  females’ egg laying increased by 50%, while feeding the bees sugar – 30% compared to the number of eggs laid in time without harvest. You can provide bees with harvest  (buckwheat, mustard, heather, marshes, the flowering plantations of cotton, kenaf or alpine meadows) or feed the bees sugar.

Abundant supply of honey and pollen

With a lack of honey in the hive uterus stops laying eggs and bees stop brooding nurse. The absence of pollen causes protein deficiency and dystrophy of bees . It is known that the feeding of just emerged from a cell bee  with pollen increases their life expectancy by 25-100%. Feeding bees with vitamins does not cause a substantial increase in life expectancy, but also actively influences the development of the pharyngeal glands.  Hives should have at least 1 kg of pollen in the fall.

In many areas in the autumn pollen is not enough in nature.Knowing this, the beekeeper must store pollen frame, removing them from the hives during profuse of pollen-collectors. During the main harvest frameworks are put in the hive, so the bees fill them with honey. This framework is well-preserved. Pollen can be harvested, collecting her with frames. The collected pollen is dispersed in thin layer and dried at room temperature to the point at which  flattened with the fingers pollen does not crumble. They are mixed in half with sugar and store in an enamel pot or timber in a closed form.

Beekeeper at any time can make honey and pollen dough from stored pollen  – perfect protein food for bees. In the absence of pollen and honey bees are fed withsugar dough with protein supplements.

Use of queens-helpers

To increase the number of lay and brood you can use old queens left after replacing their with young during the main harvest. In this case, do not kill the queen, but move them to slips. In early September, and in the south – in the beginning of October you remove queens from slips and bees are connected to the main families. This technique can increase the number of bees in the family to 1 kg.

If in the middle of August half of 5-6 frames of slot will be busy with brood, then it will be 2-2.4 kg of bees.They who make up the bulk of the family in the winter. In accordance with this, it is necessary to form the nest of bees in the winter.

Beekeepers need to know roughly where it may be the last test flight, and about 25 days before the end of this period, stop to encourage autumn oviposition of queens.